Select Board Meeting ~ January 23, 2024

2024-01-23 · Select Board · 2:58:24 · watch on YouTube →

This was the select board's second working session on the 2024 budget, and it ran out of time before it got through the agenda. Jerry Douglass opened with the changes since the previous meeting, which had cut the amount that has to be drawn from the fund balance to hold the tax rate flat from $500,000 to $445,000, and the board then worked down the budget department by department. It added a $5,000 building repairs line to the administration budget, settled that solid waste and bulky waste would stay as a separate warrant article rather than folding into public works, and voted 4-1 to transfer $50,000 from the undesignated fund balance into the Eureka Center capital reserve after Calvin Beaumier set out roughly $28,000 of urgent door and heating work and a failing foundation. It approved the capital reserve request at $516,836 and $44,630 of ARPA funds, and reworked the Union Church money into a donation to a restoration trust after the town attorney's advice made a public purpose hard to argue. The planning board's land use ordinance recommendation was tabled to an extra meeting on February 6, and the board also voted to pay a $20,035 fire department radio bill and appointed Marc Derr as a planning board alternate before adjourning at 9:28 p.m.

What was discussed

1. 0:09
   Changes since the last meeting

   Jerry Douglass walked the board through the revisions: state revenue sharing on page 2 had changed, the animal control line came down from $20,000 to $18,650, and $9,543 was added to bring the Union Church money up to $31,000, moving the other financing uses line from $457,293 to about $466,000.

2. 0:09
   What it takes to hold the tax rate flat

   With the new revenue and the changes, the amount to be taken from the fund balance for a zero tax increase fell from $500,000 to $445,000, because revenue sharing went up. The figure on the front page of the budget was corrected to match.

3. 6:29
   Where building maintenance sits

   Heather Roy asked why the town office's building maintenance sits under municipal buildings while the fire department and public works keep maintenance lines in their own budgets, arguing the treatment should be consistent if capital is being handled that way. Jerry Douglass clarified that municipal buildings covers the running of those buildings, lights, electricity and basic maintenance, not capital work.

4. 11:58
   No repair line for the town office

   The point Heather Roy was pressing was that administration has no building and repair line at all, so there is nowhere to charge something like replacing a toilet. Members discussed either combining every building into one line or giving each department its own, and agreed either would work as long as everyone understood it.

5. 16:59
   How much to budget for repairs

   Heather Roy proposed adding $5,000 so there would be $10,000 for building repairs. Members debated whether unplanned work should simply be authorised by the board as an emergency, against the argument that emergency work now costs more and it is better to build in some room.

6. 16:59
   The Gazebo

   The Gazebo is caution-taped off and Jerry Douglass said the board should plan on roughly $5,000 of work, with numbers still being gathered. He noted there is money in the municipal capital reserve for repairs of that size, and that the board could decide whether to repair or replace it.

7. 22:54
   Motion on the maintenance line

   Joe Roy moved to move the building repairs and maintenance line out of municipal buildings into administration and increase it to $10,000, seconded by Heather Roy. She objected that the line should be added rather than moved, because municipal buildings still has to cover Eureka, the Gazebo and Runaround Pond, and he withdrew the motion and remade it as an addition.

8. 22:54
   Renaming the internet line

   A member asked that the line called internet be renamed to internet service provider, having been caught off guard by what looked like an expensive internet bill.

9. 22:54
   Planning and codes wages

   The increase in the planning and codes staff wage line reflects four additional part-time hours rather than a rate increase, and the full-time wage was moved out of the administration budget. Members asked for a note in italics showing the 2023 figure so it does not look as though a $60,000 position is being added.

10. 28:18
    Animal control

    Jerry Douglass recommended moving animal control into administration, since it is now a contract rather than a town position and Durham has no law enforcement side to put it under. Members recalled it was placed separately because the town once handled it locally. The recommendation did not change any figure.

11. 28:18
    Solid waste in or out of public works

    Jerry Douglass recommended pulling bulky waste out and making solid waste part of the public works budget, arguing it makes no sense to ask voters each year to fund a year of a five-year contract, and that public works usually has enough slack to absorb an overrun on tipping fees rather than needing a special town meeting.

12. 33:31
    Public works questions

    A member asked about the electricity line, where staff had added up the year's public works bills and arrived at just under $8,000, and about the flagging service, which Jerry Douglass had cut because flaggers have become so expensive that Calvin Beaumier will use his own people instead.

13. 33:31
    Lines split apart

    Equipment repairs looked much lower than in past years because Jerry Douglass had split the line into vehicle maintenance and equipment repair, totalling $120,000 between them. Liquid deicer at $16,000 and winter sand at $7,000 were likewise broken out. Members asked for italic notes explaining the splits so the figures do not look like mistakes.

14. 38:37
    Paving lines

    Crack sealing and road painting and striping had also been broken out of the paving line. Members asked for the same explanatory note there.

15. 38:37
    Voting on a five-year contract

    Heather Roy argued that if the town is signing a five-year solid waste contract, the warrant should make clear that residents are voting on the whole five years, and that the annual payments then behave like debt service. Jerry Douglass agreed the town could be told that plainly, and members noted an article on the warrant covers paying the town's existing debts and services.

16. 44:30
    Motion to fold solid waste into public works

    Joe Roy moved to move solid waste into the operating budget, saying he expected to be the one who got yelled at for it. The discussion that followed turned on whether that made the public works figure less transparent, and he later withdrew the motion.

17. 44:30
    Bulky waste

    Members recalled the year bulky waste was dropped, which produced complaints and calls until residents voted it back in, and agreed the town's view on it is not negotiable. It was also noted that dropping it put mattresses and furniture on the roadsides.

18. 49:48
    What folding it in would look like

    Calvin Beaumier's budget on its own is up 8.6 percent; adding solid waste would show it as 5.5 percent because it is a percentage of a much larger figure. Members argued that keeping them apart is more honest, so residents can see that public works is up 8.6 percent for its own reasons and not because trash was buried in it. Jerry Douglass added he would not want an overrun on waste to come out of Calvin Beaumier's budget.

19. 55:15
    Public works and solid waste settled

    The board settled on recommending the public works budget at $1,454,228 with solid waste pulled out separately as a single article of about $364,000, bulky waste included in that same article so that anyone wanting to strike it has to move it from the floor.

20. 1:01:14
    Community services

    The community services figure of $16,100 plus $600 of general assistance comes to $16,700. Members confirmed the supplement detailing Durham baseball, the Freeport scholarship, the snowmobile club and the veterans generator should be provided, and that the article should be worded so residents can move to change an individual amount rather than only the total.

21. 1:01:14
    Whether the Union Church money is public use

    Members returned to the $31,000 for the Union Church, saying that on the town attorney's interpretation it would be hard to pass a straight face test that money for a building with no parking, insufficient egress and no water or sewer is being spent for public use. The cleaner route discussed was to return the money to the general fund and make a donation instead, though the board agreed only to flag it for now rather than change the figure.

22. 1:07:03
    Adjusting the fund balance figure

    A member recommended raising the additions to use of fund balance from $445,000 to $450,000 to reflect the $5,000 added for administration building maintenance, so the budget still comes out flat.

23. 1:07:03
    Capital reserve requests and the trailer

    Turning to the capital reserve requests, members confirmed the fire department is passing a trailer to public works, and clarified that the item under discussion is a trailer for hauling an excavator rather than a smaller one.

24. 1:07:03
    Eureka Center doors

    Calvin Beaumier reported the doors are rotten, not closing, and at one point were being held shut with wire. The hardware alone, the crash bars and locking mechanisms required for a public building, is $9,300, the three doors themselves $5,500, and with labour and unknowns such as rot he put the total at about $20,000.

25. 1:13:00
    Eureka Center heating

    The pipes froze last year because a heat pump is the building's only heat source, which nobody recommends. Replacing the two heaters was put at about $8,000, bringing the immediate work to roughly $28,000.

26. 1:13:00
    Eureka Center foundation

    The building sits on a mix of posts, stones and a partial basement, and a wall is failing. Rebuilding it in the existing granite is about $20,000, in concrete block about $15,000 but less in keeping with the building, and regrouting the basement section to stop sand and water coming through is $4,000. The alternative is a full new foundation behind the building with the building slid onto it, at $245,000 plus $45,000 to move it; the contractor said nothing would happen if the town left it three years.

27. 1:13:00
    Whether historic funding is available

    A member asked whether anyone had approached the historical commission about an obligation to help find funding for a building in the district. Members were told the Eureka Center is not in fact in the historic district.

28. 1:18:16
    No propane budgeted for the new heaters

    Heather Roy pointed out that the replacement heaters would be propane and there is no money in that line, and that the electricity bill is up substantially because the heat pumps are the only heat source and run constantly.

29. 1:18:16
    Using the old reserve accounts

    Heather Roy proposed asking the town to move the Recreation Reserve, holding about $23,742, and the Telecommunications Reserve into the Eureka capital reserve. Her argument was that the town no longer applies those reserves the way it used to, so the money sits unused, and moving it would not affect the mill rate.

30. 1:18:16
    Josh Klein-Golden's alternative

    Josh Klein-Golden proposed instead setting aside about $50,000 from the fund balance for the Eureka capital reserve, on top of the $9,130 of ARPA money earmarked for the heating, saying the building is used weekly and he could not justify the same spending on the Union Church. That would bring the use of fund balance back near the $500,000 originally shown.

31. 1:23:56
    Cautions on ARPA

    Jerry Douglass warned against earmarking money for a specific year's project only to find contractors unavailable, and noted ARPA has to fund a whole project rather than be combined with other federal grant money. The funds must be allocated by the end of 2024 and spent by 2026, which members thought argued for allocating now.

32. 1:29:37
    What the telecommunications reserve is for

    Members explained the telecommunications reserve is largely accumulated cable franchise fees and used to be transferred against the telecommunications budget each year. The definition has broadened over the last several years from broadcast equipment to any means of communicating with the town, so it might be used to set up streaming from another room. Josh Klein-Golden preferred taking the money from the fund balance and leaving the reserves for that kind of use.

33. 1:35:14
    Working out the arithmetic

    Members established that the $50,000 is in addition to the $9,130 of ARPA and that the two are separate votes, and that adding the $50,000 takes the capital reserve request from $466,836 to $516,836.

34. 1:40:21
    Vote on the Eureka transfer

    Josh Klein-Golden moved to transfer $50,000 out of the undesignated fund balance, which stands at about $3.7 million, into the Eureka Center capital reserve account. Joe Roy seconded.

35. 1:40:21
    Capital reserve request moved

    Joe Roy then moved to approve the capital reserve account request so that discussion could proceed under Robert's Rules, seconded by Heather Roy. Members confirmed the Eureka money is separate from this list.

36. 1:45:51
    The case for level funding

    Members set out the argument for level funding the reserve accounts: it keeps taxes from swinging with whatever the town has to buy, it is cheaper than borrowing at current rates, and it lets the town take an opportunity, such as another town selling equipment cheaply, without waiting for a town meeting. Heather Roy said her support would almost be contingent on the schedule being published on the town website so residents can see what is planned.

37. 1:45:51
    The case for waiting

    Richard George said the town already has substantial money in the bank and that economic conditions change, pointing out that three or four years ago Durham borrowed at 2 percent while its own money earned 0.1 percent. He argued the CIP committee and the select board both need to be involved and that this needs more than a conversation over a cup of coffee.

38. 1:45:51
    What the CIP committee brought

    Members countered that the CIP committee had presented an outline of expected capital spending over the next decade and a half at the previous meeting, so this is not a matter of throwing $200,000 a year at it. A member who had been in the CIP committee's discussion said the schedules have improved over five years and now look out ten and twenty years, but that the committee was mixed on whether the town would accept level funding and left the decision to the select board.

39. 1:51:34
    Reactive versus proactive

    Heather Roy said the town is constantly reacting rather than planning, which was part of the reason for moving to a town manager form of government, and that level funding is what planning looks like. Richard George said the town does have projects ahead, including enlarging the town hall or the town's footprint, and suggested level funding for a couple of years and then reassessing.

40. 1:56:40
    What happens to the fund balance

    Members confirmed the budget as presented represents a zero tax increase and level funding in year one. Taking $500,000 out of the $3.7 million balance would leave about $3.2 million, though members noted the balance typically recovers by $200,000 to $300,000 a year, and that last year the town picked up $10 million in valuation.

41. 2:02:17
    Josh Klein-Golden on spending down the balance

    He said using the balance to hold taxes down will run out in perhaps four years and then produce a sharp increase, so only a small portion should be used. He suggested that with about $700,000 coming off the books next year the town should have a longer discussion about using the money on the town office, which Jerry Douglass had told him has no room for another hire, and said he would like the office open five days a week rather than closed on Fridays.

42. 2:07:35
    Whether reserve money could earn interest

    Heather Roy asked whether money in the reserve accounts could be invested; members said it currently sits in one sweep account on paper. Rates of 4.25 to 4.75 percent on a business savings account were quoted, and members agreed to come back to how the money could be made to work.

43. 2:07:35
    Level funding and who decides

    Richard George argued that giving the board authority to spend from the accounts moves the town towards a different form of government, and that residents have not even wanted to give the board a $10,000 discretionary fund, let alone a $300,000 one. Others replied that the town voted by ballot to move to a town manager, that the warrant asks voters both to fund the accounts and to grant the authority, and that a percentage or a dollar cap could be attached if people were uncomfortable.

44. 2:13:25
    How the change should be presented

    Richard George said he was in favour but that the presentation needs to be right, and that a change this large should be put before residents over a year or two rather than closed on the day of town meeting. Members noted the same approach was taken when the town moved to a town manager.

45. 2:18:50
    Public comment on the budget

    Heather Roy again pressed for residents to be able to ask questions and get answers before town meeting, as happens with land use amendments. Others noted the board already holds several budget meetings with public comment, and that adding hearings would stretch the resources the town has.

46. 2:18:50
    Vote on the capital reserve request

    The motion was restated at $516,836, including the $50,000 for Eureka, and the chair put it to the board.

47. 2:18:50
    Funding donations from the recreation reserve

    Jerry Douglass suggested funding the snowmobile club and baseball donations from the Recreation Reserve rather than raising about $3,600 again, since the money has already been raised. Members worked through what that would do to the figures and decided to leave them alone for now.

48. 2:24:22
    ARPA funds

    The proposal covers CAD dispatch for the fire department, which is the largest share, land use codification, and $9,130 towards the Eureka Center, understood to be for the secondary heat source. Members noted each has to be earmarked for a specific project and that the town should be told what the money is buying.

49. 2:29:56
    Running out of time

    At nine o'clock, with much of the agenda untouched, the board discussed extending or continuing on another night. John Talbot confirmed the land use ordinance work has a fixed point only in that a public hearing must fall between March 7 and March 29, so there was time to move it.

50. 2:29:56
    Extra meeting set

    The board added a meeting for Tuesday February 6 to take the planning board's land use recommendations, and agreed to spend the last half hour of this meeting on the Union Church.

51. 2:35:42
    Wording the Union Church article

    Jerry Douglass had drafted language to raise and appropriate $9,543 into the Union Church restoration fund and then appropriate $31,000 to repair the building. Members proposed rewording it so the money is transferred to the general fund and given as a donation, because the attorney's letter makes a public use argument hard when the building has no second means of egress, limited parking and no water or heat.

52. 2:35:42
    Conditions on the donation

    Members agreed the article should say the money is for the restoration of the named property, so it cannot be spent on other things, and that the historical society had already offered to bring invoices to Jerry Douglass to pay. A member said this was about the board's obligation rather than any distrust.

53. 2:41:10
    The property transfer

    Members confirmed they had already voted at the previous meeting to put the transfer of the building on the warrant. The article would authorise the select board to enter into an agreement with the historical society for the transfer, with the lawyers drafting a purchase and sale and terms such as a first right of refusal afterwards.

54. 2:41:10
    If the restoration is not completed

    Asked what happens if the work is not finished, members discussed making the town manager custodian of the funds and putting them in a trust with a set period, perhaps five years, and agreed to ask the attorney.

55. 2:46:27
    If the town votes the transfer down

    Members worked through the consequence: the town would still own the building and would still have to repair it, needing either a special town meeting or a request next year. They concluded the transfer and the donation are separate questions, and that if the donation fails it simply fails.

56. 2:51:42
    Manager's report

    Jerry Douglass reported the Eureka Center lighting should be finished that week, and that the town office and Eureka work cost more than estimated because the conduit was fastened to the ceiling and had to be cut to reach the wiring. He also reported bids are due back February 8 with the opening on February 12; twelve invitations went out and two have already declined.

57. 2:51:42
    Signing the warrant weekly

    Jerry Douglass asked that a board member come in about once a week to sign the warrant, because the timing is causing the town to pay late fees on bills. Only one signature is needed, and members agreed to work out who is available.

58. 2:51:42
    Fire department radios

    Rob Tripp asked for a vote to pay for radios already received under an EMA grant of $20,035. The radios are in stock waiting to be installed in the trucks, and the grant is reimbursed in full once the bill is paid, but the town has to front it.

59. 2:51:42
    Department reports in writing

    A member proposed that the fire chief's and road commissioner's written reports simply be accepted into the record and posted, rather than read out each meeting, since both report to the town manager and questions can go through him. Members agreed, while saying they still want the chiefs to come for presentations and special events.

60. 2:57:10
    Planning board alternate

    Marc Derr had applied to be appointed a planning board alternate. A member had asked whether accepting the consent agenda would carry the appointment with it, so it was dealt with separately.

61. 2:57:10
    Upcoming meetings

    Select board meetings were noted for February 6, February 13 and February 27, with the planning board's 2024 land use recommendations to be heard at the February 6 meeting.

What was decided

• 22:54
  Motion by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy, to move the building repairs and maintenance line under municipal buildings into the Administration budget and increase it to $10,000. The mover withdrew it after Heather Roy argued the line should be added rather than moved; the minutes record the motion as removed.tabled
• 22:54
  Motion by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy, to add a line for maintenance and repairs in the administration budget in the amount of $5,000, leaving the existing $5,000 under municipal buildings to cover Eureka, the Gazebo, Runaround Pond and the town's other buildings. The minutes record it carried 5-0.passed
• 44:30
  Motion by Joe Roy to move solid waste into the public works operating budget. It was later withdrawn, the board having settled on keeping solid waste as a separate article so the public works figure stays comparable year to year.tabled
• 55:15
  Agreed to recommend the public works budget at $1,454,228, with solid waste kept out as a separate article of about $364,000, and bulky waste included in that same article rather than voted on separately.passed
• 1:07:03
  Agreed to increase the additions to use of fund balance from $445,000 to $450,000, to reflect the $5,000 added to the administration budget for building maintenance.passed
• 1:40:21
  Motion by Josh Klein-Golden, seconded by Joe Roy, to transfer $50,000 out of the undesignated fund balance and add it to the Eureka Capital Reserve Account to cover replacement work. The minutes record it carried 4-1, the only split vote of the meeting.passed
• 1:45:51
  Whether to move the reserve accounts to level funding was debated at length, Josh Klein-Golden and Heather Roy in favour and Richard George urging that the CIP committee and residents be brought into the conversation over a year or two rather than at town meeting. No separate vote was taken on the principle; approving the capital reserve request gives effect to it for this budget year.outcome unclear
• 2:18:50
  Motion by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy, to approve the Capital Reserve Account request, restated at $516,836 to include the $50,000 for the Eureka Center. The chair announced no opposition and that the motion carries; the minutes record it carried 5-0.passed
• 2:18:50
  Jerry Douglass suggested funding the snowmobile club and baseball donations from the Recreation Reserve rather than raising about $3,600 again. Members worked through it and decided to leave the figures as they stand for now, expecting them to change.tabled
• 2:24:22
  Motion by Joe Roy, seconded by Richard George, to approve the proposed ARPA funds in the amount of $44,630, covering CAD dispatch for the fire department, land use codification and $9,130 towards the Eureka Center. The chair announced no opposition and that the motion carries; the minutes record it carried 5-0.passed
• 2:29:56
  Motion by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy, to table the 2024 planning board recommendation on the land use ordinance until the additional select board meeting. The minutes record it carried 5-0.tabled
• 2:29:56
  Agreed to add a select board meeting on Tuesday February 6 to take the planning board's land use ordinance recommendations, and to use the remaining half hour of this meeting on the Union Church.passed
• 2:46:27
  Agreed that Jerry Douglass would redraft the Union Church article as a donation of $31,000 into a restoration trust for the restoration of that specific property, with the town manager as custodian and the historical society submitting invoices, and would run the wording past the town attorney before it goes on the warrant.passed
• 2:51:42
  Motion, seconded, to pay the $20,035 bill for the fire department radios from the grant line, the EMA grant being reimbursed in full once the town has paid. The minutes record it moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy, and carried 5-0.passed
• 2:51:42
  Agreed that the fire chief's and road commissioner's written reports will be accepted into the record and posted rather than read aloud at each meeting, with questions going back through the town manager.passed
• 2:57:10
  Motion by Richard George, seconded by Heather Roy, to accept Marc Derr as an alternate member of the planning board. The minutes record it carried 5-0.passed
• 2:57:10
  Motion by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy, to accept the consent agenda as presented, including the minutes of the previous meeting. The minutes record it carried 5-0.passed
• 2:57:10
  Motion by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy, to adjourn. The minutes record the meeting adjourned at 9:28 p.m., carried 5-0.passed

An outcome reads "unclear" where the recording does not state it plainly. The recogniser drops short words, and "the motion does not carry" is one missing word from its opposite.

Motions the minutes record

The town's own written account of what was decided, taken from sb_meeting_minutes_01_23_24.txt. It owes nothing to the recording or to a model: the clerk typed it, with the vote. Where the summary above claims a decision this list does not carry, the summary is the part to doubt.

• move the building repairs maintenance line under municipal buildings to the Administration and increase it to $10,000

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy; no outcome recorded

• remove his motion

  Moved by Joe Roy, no seconder recorded; no outcome recorded

• add a line for maintenance and repairs in the administration budget in the amount of $5,000carried 5-0

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy

• transfer out $50,000 from undesignated fund balance and add to the Eureka Capital Reserve Accountt to cover replacement doors and foundation repairs, plus $9,000 in ARPA Funds to cover secondary propane heat sourcecarried 4-1

  Moved by Josh Klein-Golden, seconded by Joe Roy

• approve the Capital Reserve Account request in the amount of $516,836carried 5-0

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy

• approve the proposed ARPA Funds in the amount of $44,630carried 5-0

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Richard George

• table the 2024 Planning Board Recommendation for Land Use Ordinance until the additional SB Meeting scheduled for Tuesday, February 6th, 2024carried 5-0

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy

• pay the $20,035 bill for the fire department radioscarried 5-0

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy

• accept consent agenda as presentedcarried 5-0

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy

• accept Marc Derr as an alternate member of the Planning Boardcarried 5-0

  Moved by Richard George, seconded by Heather Roy

• adjourn the meeting at 9:28 pmcarried 5-0

  Moved by Joe Roy, seconded by Heather Roy

Worth knowing

• 0:09
  The budget only shows a zero tax increase because money is being drawn from the town's fund balance. That figure started at $500,000, fell to $445,000 when revenue sharing came in higher, and climbed back towards $500,000 as the board added items during the evening, out of a balance of about $3.7 million.
• 1:13:00
  The Eureka Center needs roughly $28,000 of immediate work: about $20,000 for three doors, whose crash bars and locking hardware alone cost $9,300, and about $8,000 to replace two heaters after the pipes froze with a heat pump as the only heat source. The foundation is a separate problem, ranging from $4,000 to regrout the basement and $15,000 to $20,000 to rebuild the failing wall, up to $245,000 for a new foundation plus $45,000 to move the building onto it.
• 2:07:35
  Level funding the capital reserves divided the board. Richard George objected that residents will not even grant the select board a $10,000 discretionary fund and would be asked to accept authority over roughly $300,000, and wanted the case put to the town over a year rather than settled at town meeting. Others replied the warrant asks voters separately to fund the accounts and to grant the authority, and that a cap could be attached.
• 2:35:42
  The board is reshaping the $31,000 for the Union Church as a donation into a restoration trust rather than a public expenditure. On the town attorney's reading, members said it would be hard to argue public use for a building with no parking, insufficient egress and no water or heat, having said themselves six months earlier that nobody could go inside.

Motion language found in the transcript

Located by pattern matching, with no model involved: "I move that", "I'll second", "all those in favour". This is an independent check on the summary above: 9 passages of motion language, against 18 decisions summarised.

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